Fake AI images are undermining trust in science

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US Edition - Today's top story: Anyone can fake a scientific image with AI, tricking even academic journals – and undermining trust in science View in browser

22 June 2026

US Edition

The Conversation
 

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Seeing might’ve been believing some bygone era ago. But the past few decades of increasingly refined image editing tools have taught many viewers to be skeptical of what they see online – or if not mistrustful, then at least leery of getting the proverbial wool pulled over their eyes. Generative artificial intelligence has made the task of figuring out to whom or what to give your visual trust even more difficult.

For science, this atmosphere of visual suspicion poses a threat to scientific credibility itself.

“If audiences stop trusting visual evidence altogether, science loses one of its most powerful tools for public communication,” writes Nan Li, a researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison who studies visual science communication.

She points out that AI-generated images have already infiltrated scientific spaces, and while some are farcically inaccurate – remember that absurdly well-endowed rat? – others may not be as easy to spot. And that doubt casts a pall across scientific images as a whole.

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Vivian Lam

Associate Health and Biomedicine Editor

 
Are you able to tell the difference between a scientific image made by a person or by an AI model? Olga Yastremska/iStock via Getty Images

Anyone can fake a scientific image with AI, tricking even academic journals – and undermining trust in science

Nan Li, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Several scientific fields rely on visual evidence to illustrate their claims. Inaccurate AI-generated images put the credibility of science at risk.
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